How to Identify and Avoid Phishing Scams

How to Identify and Avoid Phishing Scams

Phishing scams are on the rise in 2025, and they’re more convincing than ever. With the help of artificial intelligence and access to personal data from previous breaches, scammers can craft highly targeted messages that look and sound legitimate. Whether you're an individual checking your emails or a business owner managing sensitive client data, it's crucial to stay vigilant. 

In this blog, we'll walk through how to spot phishing scams, explore some real-world examples circulating in the UK, explain why these scams are so successful, and provide practical steps you can take to avoid becoming a victim. 

What is Phishing? 

Phishing is a cybercrime technique used to deceive people into giving away confidential information, such as passwords, bank details, or personal identification numbers. It often involves emails or text messages that appear to come from trusted sources like banks, government agencies, delivery services, or even colleagues. 

The most common phishing scams encourage you to click on a link or download an attachment. These links usually lead to fake websites that look identical to the real ones. Once you’ve entered your details, the scammer captures your information and can use it to commit fraud. 

Real-World Phishing Scams Targeting the UK in 2025 

Phishing attempts have evolved well beyond poorly written emails. Today, they often appear as polished communications with branding and formatting that match legitimate organisations. Here are some of the more common examples seen in the UK this year: 

One example is the fake Royal Mail delivery notification. You receive a text message saying that your parcel couldn’t be delivered and are asked to pay a small redelivery fee. The link provided directs you to a site that looks exactly like Royal Mail’s website but is designed to steal your payment information. 

Another ongoing scam involves HMRC. You may receive an email claiming you’re owed a tax refund. The email includes the official HMRC logo and a link to a website that mirrors the government portal. It asks for your personal information, including your National Insurance number and bank details. 

There are also reports of phishing emails pretending to be from Microsoft Teams or Office 365. These emails claim your login session has expired and prompt you to sign in again. The login page is fake, and entering your password gives attackers access to your work email and files. 

How AI Is Changing the Game 

A new and worrying trend in 2025 is the use of artificial intelligence to power phishing attacks. Scammers are using AI to write emails that sound natural, mimic real communication styles, and adjust based on how people respond. 

These AI-driven messages are harder to detect because they don’t contain the obvious errors we’ve learned to spot, like spelling mistakes or odd grammar. In some cases, AI is also being used to generate fake audio messages that sound like company directors or senior managers, instructing staff to transfer money or share login credentials. 

Red Flags to Watch Out For 

While phishing messages are getting harder to spot, there are still some tell-tale signs to look out for: 

• Urgent language or threats that push you to act quickly.
• Email addresses that don't match the sender's name or organisation.
• Unexpected attachments, especially files you weren't expecting.
• Hyperlinks that don't match the legitimate website - hover over them to see the real destination.
• Requests for passwords, bank details, or personal information.
• Generic greetings such as 'Dear Customer' instead of using your actual name.

How to Stay Safe from Phishing Scams  

Avoiding phishing scams involves a combination of caution, training, and using the right tools. Start by checking every email and text message carefully, even if it appears to come from someone you know. If something feels off - an unusual tone or unexpected request - verify it by contacting the sender through another channel. 

Use multi-factor authentication on all accounts where it’s available. This adds an extra step to the login process, making it harder for scammers to gain access, even if they have your password. 

If you're a business owner, invest in regular cyber awareness training for your team. Your staff are your first line of defence, and giving them the knowledge to recognise suspicious messages is essential. It’s also worth having an IT support provider who can offer advanced email filtering, monitor for threats, and advise on best practices. 

What to Do If You Fall Victim 

If you think you’ve been caught out by a phishing scam, don’t panic, but do act fast. The quicker you respond, the more likely you are to limit the damage. 

First, change your passwords, starting with the compromised account and then any others that use the same login. Next, notify your bank or credit card provider if you shared any financial information. They can monitor for fraudulent activity or freeze your account if necessary. 

Run a full scan of your device using up-to-date antivirus software to check for malware. Then, report the phishing attempt to the National Cyber Security Centre by forwarding the message to report@phishing.gov.uk. If the scam affected your business, notify your IT support team immediately. 

Why UK Businesses Are Prime Targets 

Phishing isn’t just a threat to individuals. Small and medium-sized businesses across the UK are prime targets for scammers. Attackers know that smaller organisations may not have dedicated cybersecurity teams, making them more vulnerable. 

Businesses that store sensitive data, such as customer records or payment information, are especially at risk. A successful phishing attack could lead to data breaches, financial losses, and reputational harm. In some cases, it could also result in fines for non-compliance with data protection laws like GDPR. 

Hybrid working environments can increase the risk. Staff working from home may use personal devices or unsecured networks, creating more entry points for cybercriminals. That’s why it’s crucial to ensure that proper security measures and employee training are in place. 

How Galaxy IT Can Help 

At Galaxy IT, we work with UK businesses to build strong defences against phishing and other cyber threats. We offer expert support with: 

• Email filtering systems that catch phishing attempts before they reach your inbox.
• Regular cybersecurity audits and vulnerability checks.
• Staff training sessions on how to recognise and report suspicious messages.
• Responsive support when incidents occur, so you're never left on your own.

Our approach is proactive, practical, and jargon-free. Whether you need to train your team or put stronger systems in place, we’re here to help you stay safe. 

Final Thoughts 

Phishing scams are constantly evolving, but by staying informed and putting safeguards in place, you can protect yourself and your business. Remember to take your time when reading emails, trust your instincts, and always verify suspicious messages before taking action.